ALBANY, Ga. (WALB) - The Alzheimer’s Foundation of America is urging family caregivers to take extra precautions as arctic blasts and polar vortices bring dangerously cold conditions across the country.

The extreme weather poses heightened risks for people with dementia who may wander, according to the foundation. Sub-zero wind chills and near-record low temperatures can lead to hypothermia, injuries from slipping on ice or snow, and reduced visibility.

“Extreme cold weather conditions magnify the dangers that someone with dementia faces if they wander away from safety,” said Jennifer Reeder, the foundation’s senior director of educational and social services. “Family caregivers need to understand the risk factors and warning signs of wandering and act quickly to address them.”

Understanding wandering risks

Someone who wanders can quickly become lost or disoriented, be unable to remember how to get back home, or know how or who to call for help. They may also leave home without dressing appropriately for the weather.

Dementia-related illnesses can impair a person’s ability to recognize when they are too cold or at risk of hypothermia, the foundation said.

Safety recommendations

The foundation encourages family caregivers to take protective steps, including safeguarding the home by keeping car keys, jackets, and purses out of reach at the door. Most people living with dementia are more likely to wander outside when environmental cues trigger confusion or curiosity, and snow can be one of those triggers.

Caregivers should watch for warning cues, as wandering often stems from an unmet need such as hunger, thirst, or a need to use the bathroom. Signs of restlessness can indicate that the person may need to be more actively engaged.

The foundation recommends knowing loved ones’ patterns, including what times of day may be more triggering, and providing alternative activities. Walking outdoors can bring a feeling of purposefulness for someone living with dementia, especially if they previously lived an active lifestyle.

Caregivers should develop or update safety plans with relevant information, including a recent close-up photo, medical information, and a list of places the person may go. This information can be given quickly to first responders in an emergency.

The foundation’s helpline, staffed by licensed social workers trained in dementia care, is available seven days a week by phone at 866-232-8484, text message at 646-586-5283, and web chat at www.alzfdn.org.

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